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The Siege of Baghdad, which lasted from January 29 until February 10, 1258, entailed the investment,

al-Andalus (Arabic: الأندلس‎, trans. al-ʼAndalus; Spanish: al-Ándalus; Portuguese: al-Ândalus; Arago

The Battle of the Camel, sometimes called the Battle of Jamal or the Battle of Bassorah, took place

The Abbasid Caliphate (/əˈbæsəd/ or /ˈæbəsəd/ Arabic: الخلافة العباسية‎ al-Khilāfah al-‘Abbāsīyah) w

The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية‎, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of

The Crusades were military campaigns sanctioned by the Catholic Church in the Middle Ages. In 1095 B

The Battle of Uhud (Arabic: غزوة أحد‎ Ġazwat ‘Uḥud) was fought on Saturday, March 19, 625 (3 Shawwal

The Rashidun Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الراشدة‎ al-Khilāfah ar-Rāshidah, c. 632–661) is the collect

Uthman ibn Affan (Arabic: عثمان بن عفان‎, strict transliteration: ʻUthmān ibn ʻAffān) (also known in

Mehmed II (Ottoman Turkish: محمد ثانى‎, Meḥmed-i s̠ānī; Turkish: II. Mehmet Turkish pronunciation: [